A waterproof breathable jacket is an essential piece of outdoor gear, offering protection from the elements while allowing perspiration to escape. Central to its performance is the Durable Water Repellent (DWR) coating, which causes water to bead up and roll off the fabric surface. When DWR fails, the fabric ‘wets out,’ compromising breathability and comfort. Fortunately, with proper care, you can significantly extend the life and effectiveness of your jacket’s DWR.

Understanding DWR and Its Importance

DWR is a thin, invisible layer applied to the outer fabric of your jacket. It creates a hydrophobic surface, preventing water from saturating the face fabric. When this layer degrades, the fabric absorbs water, becoming heavy and clammy, a condition known as ‘wetting out.’ This not only feels uncomfortable but also impairs the jacket’s breathability, as the saturated outer layer blocks the ability of the waterproof-breathable membrane (like Gore-Tex or eVent) to transport moisture vapor away from your body.

DWR can degrade over time due to dirt, body oils, bug spray, sunscreen, abrasion from pack straps, and repeated washing with conventional detergents. Restoring or reapplying DWR is crucial for maintaining your jacket’s performance.

The First Step: Proper Cleaning

Often, what appears to be failing DWR is simply dirt, oil, or residue clogging its microscopic structure. A thorough cleaning can often restore its performance. Always follow the manufacturer’s care instructions, but generally, here’s how to clean your jacket:

• Use a Technical Cleaner: Avoid conventional laundry detergents, as they can leave residues that hinder DWR and membrane function. Opt for a dedicated technical cleaner designed for waterproof breathable fabrics (e.g., Nikwax Tech Wash or Grangers Performance Wash).
• Prepare the Jacket: Zip all zippers, close all flaps, and loosen any drawcords. Empty all pockets.
• Machine Wash: Wash on a gentle cycle with cool or warm water. Do not use fabric softener, bleach, or stain removers. You may need to run an extra rinse cycle to ensure all cleaner residue is removed.

Reactivating Existing DWR with Heat

Once your jacket is clean, its existing DWR can often be reactivated with heat. Many DWR treatments are heat-activated. There are two primary methods:

• Tumble Dry: Place the jacket in a tumble dryer on a low or medium heat setting for 20-30 minutes. The heat helps to redistribute and reactivate the DWR polymers. Check the jacket’s care label for specific heat recommendations.
• Ironing: If tumble drying isn’t an option or you prefer a more controlled approach, you can iron the jacket on a low, synthetic setting without steam. Place a towel between the iron and the fabric, and move the iron quickly to avoid scorching.

Test the DWR after cleaning and heat treatment by spraying a little water on the fabric. If the water beads up and rolls off, your DWR is restored!

When to Reapply DWR

If cleaning and heat reactivation don’t fully restore the DWR (water still wets out in areas), it’s time to reapply a new DWR treatment. There are two main types:

• Wash-In Treatments: Applied in a washing machine, these products coat the entire garment. They are convenient but can also coat the inner lining, potentially affecting its wicking properties if not designed to work with them.
• Spray-On Treatments: Applied directly to the outer fabric, these allow for targeted application to specific areas where DWR is most degraded. They are ideal for jackets with wicking liners.

Application Tips:

• Ensure the jacket is clean before applying any new DWR.
• For spray-on treatments, apply evenly to a damp jacket, then allow to air dry or tumble dry on low heat as per product instructions to cure the treatment.
• For wash-in treatments, follow the product’s instructions carefully, often involving a dedicated wash cycle.

Long-Term Care and Storage Tips

• Avoid Contaminants: Try to minimize contact with bug spray, sunscreen, and excessive dirt, which are major DWR degraders.
• Gentle Use: Avoid unnecessary abrasion, especially from backpack straps or rough surfaces, which can wear down the DWR.
• Proper Storage: Store your jacket clean and completely dry in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight. Do not compress it tightly for extended periods.
• Regular Checks: Periodically check your jacket’s DWR performance by spraying it with water. This helps you catch degradation early.

Conclusion

Extending the life of your waterproof breathable jacket’s DWR is a straightforward process that involves regular, proper cleaning, heat reactivation, and periodic reapplication of DWR treatments. By incorporating these steps into your gear maintenance routine, you’ll ensure your jacket continues to perform optimally, keeping you dry and comfortable on all your outdoor adventures for years to come. A little care goes a long way in protecting your investment and enhancing your outdoor experience.